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Mastering Advanced Organic Chemistry: Practice Problems for 2021

Solutions

Beside her, Leo was manic, his highlighter bleeding neon yellow through the pages of his notebook. "It’s a Robinson annulation," he muttered, "followed by a Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation. It has to be."

When working through 2021-era advanced sets, don't just check the answer key. Follow this workflow:

Problem 4: Catalyst Poisoning & Ligand Effects

Scenario:
A graduate student attempts a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling between 2-bromopyridine (aryl halide) and 2-thienylboronic acid (heteroaromatic boronic acid) using $\textPd(PPh_3)_4$ in toluene/water with $\textNa_2\textCO_3$ at $80^\circ\textC$. The reaction yields <5% product.

Modern organic chemistry lives and dies by the ability to create single enantiomers. Practice problems from the 2021 cycle frequently featured Proline-catalyzed aldol reactions and the use of Evans’ Chiral Auxiliaries. The Challenge: Predicting the absolute configuration of a -hydroxy carbonyl compound.

(These will be provided separately or upon request)

Questions:
a) Draw the catalytic cycle for H/D or H/T exchange via Ir(III)-dihydride intermediates.
b) Why does the reaction not label aromatic C–H bonds under these mild conditions?
c) Propose a deuterium control experiment to confirm the mechanism.